History collection and writing of the Qur'an

History collection and writing of the Qur'an

Al-Qur'an which was revealed in a period of 23 years, which can be in for a period Makkiyah and Madaniyah, as evidence of a dialectic with the space and the time when the Qur'an was revealed. Each time the revelation of the Qur'an the Prophet Muhammad directly recall, memorize and memorize well informed. Scribe the time of the Prophet revelations include Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, Umar ibn Khattab.

Uthman bin Affan, Ali, Muawiyah ibn walid, ubay bin Ka'b, zaib bin Thabit, Thabit bin Qays, amen bin fuhairah, amr ibn al-as zubair bin al Awwam. The verses of al-qu'an written with details of where and order of each verse in the sheath dates, stones, shells or animal bones.

Writing of this period has not been collected into one Mushaf. This is because the Qur'an does not go down sekaligu, but gradually over 23 years, it is very logical because if the Quran can not dikempulkan dakam one Manuscripts. Another factor is that because Rasullah still alive and many friends penghafal al-qur'an. After the Prophet Muhammad's death, Muslims burn up the ashes to replace reign that the ash burns occurred mas chaos induced Musaylima bin kazzab its followers. They refused to pay zakat and apostasy from Islam. Islamic forces led by Khalid bin walid immediately seize the movement. The incident occurred at 12 h yamman year. As a result a lot of friends who died, including 70 people who are believed not memorized the Qur'an, there was bleeding in critically examined yamman by Umar ibn Khattab, he feared the incident would happen again soon, so more and more casualties among penghafal al-qur 'an. Umar until the idea to record the Qur'an in one Mushaf, delivered in Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq. Abu Bakr initially objected to the proposal on the grounds Umar never done by the Prophet. but finally managed meyakinkannnya Umar. Abu Bakr chose Zaid bin Thabit in order to witness the sacred mandate and tasks. given position in qira'at writing, comprehension and intelligence and his presence at the time of reading the Prophet, which ultimately is the main source of writing are the verses of al-Quran was written and recorded in the presence of the Prophet and his companions memorized the instructions below Umar and Abu Bakr and his companions were matched by rote. Zaid work in the form of copies of the Qur'an kept in the hands of Umar bin Khattab. sepeninggalan Umar, Mushaf Hafsah bint Umar kept by.

In the reign of Uthman, the territory of Islam has been extended to tri west pattern, Armen and Azar Baijan. At that Islam had spread to several regions in Africa, Syrians and Russian. The penghafal al-Qur'an was finally going to spread. The followers of Islam each area studied and received a reading of the Qur'an from the Companions qira'at expert in the relevant area. Population Sham Ubay ibn Ka'b learning. Residents of Kufa sit under Abdullah bin Mas'ud while people living in the area studied and read the Qur'an with qira'at Abu Musa al-Asyari. Version qira'at owned and taught by experts qira'at each different from each other. Each version of each boast their qira'at salung version qira'at acknowledge that they are the good and true. Even mutual mengkhafirkan. Each retain reading and reading is not opposed to any of the teachers. Khuzaifah bin al-Yemen who knew it when it joined in the attack when the war in armedia nd menghdap Azarbaijan and report on the caliph Uthman.

To mengatsik problem utsaman dri invite friends to deliberation ansar and Resistance to figure it out. Finally Uthman appoint a team of four friends to write back Mushaf Hafsah stored at home because it is seen as the standard Manuscripts. The results are tangible enpat keeerja team Mushaf al-qu'an standard. Three of them were sent to the Levant, Kufa, and Basra, and a copy of which was left in the medina in the know with the Mushaf al-faith. Fourth Manuscripts were written using the Arabic dialect of Quraish. After that, Uthman ordered to burn the Qur'an that before the Mushaf al-faith and makes the Mushaf al-faith of the Muslims as a reference.

After the death of Uthman, copies of the Qur'an has not given a punctuation mark such lines (vowel) and verse divisions. Giving vowel by abu al-aswad al-dauli, who gave vowel or lines. At the time of Mu'awiya ibn abi kfalifah sufyan (40-60H). Furthermore, during the caliphate ibn Malik, the two disciples ash al-aswad al-dauli the votive ibn yahya ibn ya'mar asyim and signaled for the same nuruf, separti "ba, ta", tsa ".

And other punctuation improvements made by Khalid ibn imam ahmad in 162 H. Up to the Qur'an we know today. Al-Qur'an as we know it is referring to the Mushaf al-faith Utsmani